WanMing Dynasty is the most complicated and turbulent period in Chinese history . The peasant army leaded by Lizhicheng in Shanxi province attacked and occupied Beijing which was the capital of Ming Dynasty ,Emperor Chongzhen hanged himself in Coal Mountain .From then on, Ming Dynasty society undergoed gigantic changes which deeply affected literati and officialdom in that era . They had changed painful and disastrous condition from previous delighted and comfortable mood ,which was mainly because home-country fall and social turbulence.

However ,WanMing calligraphy art made great achievements ,which a good many gifted calligraphers had emerged in this period such as Zhangruitu ,Huangdaozhou,Wangduo,Niyuanlu and Fushan . This five notable calligraphers embodied the prosperity and level in Ming Dynasty . The Ming Dynasty litterateur Zhangdai recalled the first half of his life in the essay named epitaph written by himself . He said that when he was young ,he liked prosperity extremely ,liked vihara ,liked flowers,like beautiful girls, but all which had passed as Ming Dynasty was overthrowed . And at the same time ,that society also went into an era which mixed the sorrow of family-country loss , literati missing with the foreign oppression .